Acknowledgments ix Chapter 1 Introduction 1 What This Book Is About 1 An Overview: Quality and Quantity 1 Human Behavior, Culture, and Housing 2 Defining Housing-Related Terms 6 An Overview of Chapter Topics 6 Introduction to Accessibility Notes 7 Accessibility, Universal Design, Visitability, and Usability 7 Federal Accessibility Regulations Governing Housing 8 Introduction to Sustainability Notes 9 Defining and Understanding Sustainability 9 Green Building Codes, Rating Systems, and Certification Programs 10 Life-cycle assessment 11 Global Warming, Climate Change, Carbon, and the Built Environment 13 Ergonomics and Required Clearances 14 Organizational Flow 14 Related Codes and Constraints 14 More About the International Residential Code 16 Section R303 of the IRC covers light, ventilation, and heating 16 Section R304 of the IRC covers minimum room areas 16 Section R305 of the IRC covers ceiling height 16 Fire sprinklers and alarms are covered as follows 17 Electrical and Mechanical 17 Lighting 19 Types of Lighting 20 More Lighting Basics and Lighting Terminology 20 Smart Homes and the Internet of Things 25 References 26 Chapter 2 Basic Design Graphics and Sample Project 30 An Introduction to Orthographic Projections 30 Introductory Sample Project Design Drawings 33 Diagrams 33 Preliminary Orthographic Projection Drawings 33 Site Plans 34 Floor Plans 35 Exterior Elevations 39 Interior Elevations 39 Schedules 40 Additional Graphic Symbols 41 Final Sample Project Drawings 42 Dimensions 49 Sections 54 Reflected Ceiling Plans 54 Electrical and Lighting Plans/Power and Lighting Plans 55 References 55 Chapter 3 Entrances and Circulation Spaces 56 Introduction 56 Foyer and Entry Areas 56 Vertical Movement 58 Ergonomics and Required Clearances 61 More About Stairs 61 Organizational Flow 65 Related Codes and Constraints 69 Electrical and Mechanical 74 Lighting 74 References 78 Chapter 4 Social and Leisure Spaces 79 Introduction 79 Ergonomics and Required Clearances 83 Organizational Flow 87 Related Codes and Constraints 92 Electrical and Mechanical 93 Lighting 93 References 95 Chapter 5 Kitchens 97 Introduction 97 Getting Started 97 Organizational Flow 101 Fixtures and Appliances 104 Sinks 105 Faucets 110 Garbage Disposers 113 Dishwashers 113 Ranges 114 Cooktops 117 Wall Ovens 117 Microwave Ovens 118 Refrigerators 119 Ergonomics and Required Clearances 121 Work Counters and Cabinets 121 Dining Spaces for Interaction 123 Sinks 124 Dishwashers 126 Ranges and Cooktops 126 Ventilation 127 Ovens and Microwaves 128 Refrigerators 129 Kitchen Storage and Cabinetry 131 More on Cabinets and Built- In Storage 135 The Pantry 141 The Super Pantry and Butler's Pantry 141 Related Codes and Constraints 142 Selected IRC Kitchen- Related Code Items 143 Electrical and Mechanical 143 Lighting 145 Prototype Kitchen Illustrations 149 References 159 Chapter 6 Bedrooms 161 Introduction 161 Ergonomics and Required Clearances 162 Organizational Flow 166 Related Codes and Constraints 169 Electrical and Mechanical 172 Lighting 174 References 180 Chapter 7 Bathrooms 181 Introduction 181 Fixtures 182 Toilets 182 Urinals 183 Bidets 184 Sinks 186 Faucets 188 Bathtubs 190 Showers 191 Showerheads and Fixtures 195 Smart Fixtures 198 Shut off Valves 198 Storage and Cabinetry 198 Sink Area 198 Toilet, Tub, Shower, and Linen Storage 201 Ergonomics and Required Clearances 201 Organizational Flow 209 Related Codes and Constraints 216 Electrical and Mechanical 216 Lighting 217